The Golden Horde, also known as the Ulus of Jochi, got its name from the color system for the cardinal directions (north, south, east, and west). North is associated with black, east with blue, south with red, west with white, and gold with center. After Genghis Khan’s death in 1227, the Mongol Empire was split into 4 regions, the Golden Horde being the western region. It was led my his oldest son, Juchi, and was succeeded by his son, Batu. Batu expanded the Golden Horde’s borders to the Carpathian Mountains, Siberia, the Black Sea, and the Caucasus Mountains. He also established its capital in the city of Sarai near the Volga River.
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